Governor for electro-magnetic motors



(No Model.) G F BRUSH 2 Sheet s-Sheet 1.

GOVERNOR FOR ELEGTRO MAGNETIC MOTORS. No. 343,886. Patented June15,1886.

IN VEIVTOB nv PETERS. mwumo n m, Wnhmgton. n.c.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. G. F. BRUSH.

GOVERNOR FOR ELEGTRO MAGNETIC MOTORS.

No. 343,886; Patented June 15, 1886.

ITA/ESSES A lurney UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES F. BRUSH, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

GOVERNOR FOR ELECTRO-MAGNETIC MOTORS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 343,886, dated June 15,1886.

Application filed December 28, 1885. Serial No. 186,92l. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CHARLES F. BRUsH, of Cleveland, in the county ofGuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Governors for Electro- Magnetic Motors; and I do herebydeclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to an improvement in governors for electromagneticmotors.

The variations or fluctuations of currentstrength in the circuit of adynamo or magneto electric machine due to the varying resistanceinterposed therein in the form of motors, lamps, 820., and to othercauses may be regulated and controlled and the current-strength renderedpractically uniform by means of a current-regulator connected with thegenerator. My preferred form of regulator for this purpose being of thetype shown and described in Letters Patent No. 224,511, granted to meFebruary 17, 1880.

In the employment of a motor in a circuit in which the current-strengthis or is not governed and controlled and rendered practically uniformsome means must be provided for automatically controlling the speed ofthe motor, because with the parts of the motor adjusted to insure apredetermined speed of the motor when subjected to a certain load, thespeed will vary, either being increased or decreased whenever the loador current is varied; and my invention has for its object the automaticregulation of the speed of electro-magnetic motors under the varyingloads and currents to which they may be subjected.

With this end in view myinvention consists in the combination, withadjustable commutator segments or strips or commutator-sleeve, of acentrifugal governor for automatically adjusting the commutator segmentsor sleeve to regulate the speed of the motor.

My invention further consists in certain features of construction andcombinations of parts as will hereinafter be described, and pointed outin the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side view of one form of myimproved governor. Fig. 2 is a plan view, and Fig. 3 is a longitudinalsection.

0 represents the commutator-brushes of an electric motor.

E is the armature-shaft, on which is loosely mounted thecommutator-sleeve a, to enable the latter to be freely turned on theshaft.

F represents the commutator sections or segments, which are insulatedfrom the sleeve a by means of the insulating sleeve or cylinder b.,Commutator -sections F are electrically connected with thearmature-bobbins by flexible conductors c, to allow of the rotary adjustment of the commutator without impairing the electrical connectionsof the armature and commutator-sections. Sleeve 04 is providedat one endwith an enlarged disk, at, provided with grooves e for the attachment ofthe governor-connections, as will be explained.

To the armature-shaft E is secured the shell G by set-screw, bolts, orin any other desired manner. The outer end or head, e, of the shell isclosed, while its inner end or head, f, is open, as shown at g, to allowof ready access to the parts of the governor located within the shellfor the purpose of inspection, adj ustment, or oiling. To the innerperiphery of the shell are pivoted on opposite sides of its center thegovernor-arms H H, the inner and free ends of which are connected to theopposite arms by means of the spiral springs I I, the latter being adjustably secured to the arms by the eyebolts h and nuts 11 i.

On each one of the arms H H is placed a weight, K, which may belongitudinally adj usted and secured to the arm in any desired positionby the set-screw K.

To the armsH H, near their outer or free ends, are pivoted the links LL, the opposite ends of which are pivoted to the enlarged disk or flanged and on opposite sides thereof. As the governor-shell rotates with thearmature-shaft, carrying with it the parts described, it will be readilyunderstood that the weights K K will at a certain speed be moved bycentrifugal action toward the periphery of the shell and away from thearmature-shaft, and, through the medium of the connecting-links L L,imparta rotary adjustment to the commutator,varying its position on thearmature-shaft.

When the motor is at rest, the spiral springs will firmly retain theweights in close proximity to the shaft and the commutator at theextreme limit of its rotary adjustment in one direction, and in thisadjustment of parts the commutator-brushes G will bear on the maximumpoints of the commutator-sections. Gurrent now being switched into themotor through the commutator-brushes, (and this may be done through agraduated resistance connected with the switch, if desired,) rotarymotion is imparted to the armature and its shaft, the speed of whichgradually increases until the motorhas attainedits predetermined ornormal rate of speed. At this point the governor-weights will begin torecede from each other and move outwardly toward the periphery of theshell and rotate the commutator on the shaft, carrying the maximumpoints of the commutator away from the contact-points of the brushes andin the direction of rotation of the armature of the motor. This actiondecreases the efl'ect of the driving-current until a point is reachedwhere the efl'ect of the current is balanced by the load on the motor,and the speed of the latter remains constant. Now, should the speed ofthe motor be retarded by a decrease of current-strength with nocorresponding diminution of load or by an increase of load with noincrease of current-strength, the governor-balls will be retracted anddrawn toward each other by the spiral springs,and thereby rotate thecommutator in a direction opposite to the motion of the armature-shaft,the effect of which is to move the maximum points on the commutatornearer to the brushes, and thereby increase the speed of the motor. Onthe other hand,should the speed of the motor be increased above thenormal rate, owing to an increase of current-strength or to a decreaseof load, the governor-balls will be caused to recede from each other androtate the commutator in the same direction as that of thearmature-shaft, and cause the maximum points on the commutator-sectionsto be moved away from the brushes, and thereby decrease the speed of themotor; hence it will be observed that by my improvement I am enabled toinsure a practically-uniform rate of speed under varying loads andvarying currentstrengths.

By the terms maximum points, as used in this specification, I mean thosepoints on the commutator where the contact of the brushes will allow theproduction of maximum effect.

While the construction and arrangement of the parts of the governor maybe widely varied without departing from the spirit and scope of myinvention, yet the type of governor shown and described has manyimportant advantages in actual practice. The parts composing thegovernor are few in number, are simple and durable in construction, maybe readily adjusted, and are not liable to get out parts will offer butlittle resistance in the rapid rotation of the motor.

While the type of governor shown and described has, when applied to amotor, certain advantages, some of which have been speci- -fied, yet Iwould have it understoodthat I do not restrict myself to the particulartype of governor or to the particular construction and arrangement ofparts shown and described.

I am informed that a centrifugal governor.

has been applied to a dynamo-electric machine for automaticallyadjusting the commutator segments or sleeve for the purpose ofregulating the strength of the current generated by the machine. I am"also informed that a centrifugal governor has been applied to anelectro-magnetic motor for automatically adjusting thecommutator-brushes for the purpose of regulating and controlling thespeed of the motor; and hence I would have it understood that I makenoclaim to such improvements or combinations of parts.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In an electric motor, the combination, with a commutator, of acentrifugal governor for automatically adjusting the commutator segmentsor sleeve for regulating the speed of the motor, substantially as setforth.

2. In anelectric motor, the combination,' with a commutator, of acentrifugal governor for automatically imparting rotary adjustment tothe commutator segments or sleeve for regulating the speed of the motor,substantially as set forth. 3. In an" electric motor, thecombination,

with a commutator-sleeve loosely mounted on.

the armature-shaft, of a centrifugal governor for automaticallyadjusting the commutator segments or sleeve for regulating the speed ofthe motor, substantially as set forth.

4. In an electric motor, the combination, with an adjustable commutator,of a centrifugal governor mounted on the armature-shaft, A

and adapted to regulate the speed of the motor by its automaticadjustment of the position stantially as set forth.

5. In an electric motor, the combination, with an adjustablecommutator-sleeve or commutator-segments, of a centrifugal governor ICO25 of the commutator segments or sleeve, subconnected with thecommutator-sleeve, and In testimony whereof I have signed thisconstructed and arranged to automatically specification in the presenceof two subscribimpart rotary adjustment to the cominntatoring witnesses.sleeve in the direction opposite to that of the 5 rotation of thearmature-shaft when the speed I 7 CHARLES F. BRUSH.

of the motor falls below a predetermined rate, and to move thecommutator-sleeve in the Witnesses: same direction as the rotation ofthe armature ALBERT E. LYNCH, shaft when the speed of the motor exceedsa CHAS. H. DORER.

1o predetermined rate, substantially as set forth.

